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General Wave energy is considered as one of the most promising alternate energy source due to high concentration factor, and to high availability factor (day & night), compared to wind and solar energy. Waves have energy ranging from 1.1 to 188 KW for 0.5 to 8 meters height respectively. Existing systems: The idea of converting sea wave energy into electric energy had been investigated by many that proposed different devices. However, these devices are limited in the amount of power they produce, have low efficiency, require expensive structures, destroy coral reef and are unable to produce power in sizeable quantities. Current devices are listed at websites http://peswiki.com/energy/Directory:Ocean_Wave_Energy , Prototype Information and a set of Drawings are provided for manufacturing and installing a prototype for the REWP systems as detailed under prototype. Proposed Systems Three systems are proposed as summarized below and detailed under respective product at www.renewableenergypumps.com:
I. Wave Gear Drive –WGD II. Wave Water Pumps – WWP III. Wave Air Pumps - WAP
I. Wave Gear Drive -WGD
a. A rotary, constant RPM water pump that pumps a small quantity of water to a high head, collect it and feed it to a hydro turbo generator. or b. A Variable Speed Input/Constant Speed Output (VSG) generator. The generators can be either alternating or direct current depending upon Client requirements and are run in parallel.
a. 5-meters below Mean Sea Level on a floating structure with quick coupling and decoupling means for ease of installation and maintenance, or b. On a fixed offshore structure whose deck is 6-mmeters above sea water level i. In this case a pulley is fixed to the underwater structure anchors to convert the uplift of the main float to a downward pull acting on the rotary pumps or VSG resting above water on the decking of the fixed structure. ii. All installation, operation and maintenance work are done above water at the structure decking. 3. Construction units comprise seventy (70) pumps or generators consisting of ten (10) sets, each set with seven pumps or generators. The footprint for the installation unit measures 21x15 meters, the structure deck measures 16x25 meters. 4. Up to forty construction units can be installed in an area one kilometer wide (40x70 pumps or generators) capable of generating 20 megawatts from a four meter high wave.
II. Wave Water Pumps - WWP 1. The WWP converts sea wave energy to mechanical drive using wave undulations and a buoyant float directly acting on a positive displacement reciprocating pump to pump a small quantity of water to a high head, collect it in a piping network and feed it to a hydro-turbo generator. 2. Pumps are installed on a floating underwater structure at six (6) meters below mean sea level, with quick coupling and decoupling means for ease of installation and maintenance. The hydro turbo generator is installed at a fixed structure and anchored to the sea bed. 3. Construction units comprise seventy pumps consisting of ten sets, each set with seven pumps. The footprint for the installation unit measures 21x15 meters, the structure deck measures 16x25 meters. 4. Up to forty construction units can be installed in an area one kilometer wide (40x70 pumps) and capable of generating 20 megawatts from a four meter high wave.
III. Wave Air Pumps - WAP 1. The WAP utilize the kinetic energy of the sea wave to compresses a small quantity of air to a high pressure, collect it in a piping network and feed it into the air inlet of a turbo generator. 2. Another turbine is installed to capture the energy from the air as it rushed into the pump on the downward motion of the wave. This energy can be used to drive auxiliaries and/or to add to the output of the plant. 3. Fuel is injected as needed to maintain turbo generator output irrespective of availability of waves, thus producing dependable electric power. 4. Pumps are installed on a floating underwater structure at six (6) meters below mean sea level, with quick coupling and decoupling means for ease of installation and maintenance. The hydro turbo generator is installed at a fixed structure and anchored to the sea bed. 5. Compressed air technology and fogging (adding water vapor to turbine air inlet) are known and proven technologies. The system generates energy at normal fuel rate in the absence of waves, and at reduced fuel consumption inversely proportional to wave heights. 6. Construction units comprise seventy pumps consisting of ten sets, each set with seven (7) pumps. The footprint for the installation unit measures 21x15 meters. 7. Up to forty (40) construction units can be installed in an area one kilometer wide (40x70) pumps capable of generating 20 megawatts from a four meter high wave. 8. Ideal for off-shore wind turbine farms, as it utilizes the off-shore wind turbine supporting structure as a Wave Air Pump at negligible cost. 9. The WAP is ideal for sea water aeration by injecting compressed air into the sea to enhance the oxidation process of organic materials.
WAP – Calculation and Drawings Available upon request Table -2 (Partial View) shows for ten (10) sets of seven pumps output for waves ranging from 1.5 to 6.0 meters for a Main Float diameter of 150 centimeters.
Table -5 Average Wave Height Hourly/Year Sea State Distribution and Generated KWH per Year
Table -2 shows for a set of seven pumps output for waves ranging from 1.5 to 6.0 meters for a Main Float diameter of 150 centimeters. Performance for 220 cm O.D. Float is available
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